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Umm al-Fahm
Umm al-Fahm ((アラビア語:أمّ الفحم), ''(unicode:Umm al-Faḥm)''; ''Umm el-Fahem'') is a city which is located 20 kilometers northwest of Jenin in the Haifa District of Israel with a population of 48,500,〔 nearly all of whom are Arab citizens of Israel. The city is situated on the Umm al-Fahm mountain ridge, the highest point of which is Mt. Iskander (522 meters above sea level), overlooking Wadi Ara. Umm al-Fahm is the social, cultural and economic center for residents of the Wadi Ara and Triangle regions.
==History==
Its name means "Mother of Charcoal" in Arabic,〔 the village was surrounded by natural forests which were used to produce charcoal. Several archaeological sites around the city date to the Iron Age, as well as Muslim, Roman and Hellenistic periods.
In 1265 C.E. (663 H.), after Baybars won the territory from the Crusaders, the revenues from Umm al-Fahm were given to the Na'ib al-Saltana of Syria, Jamal al-Din al-Najibi.〔Ibn al-Furat, ed. Lyons and Lyons, I, 101, II, 80; Cited in Petersen, 2001, pp. 308-309〕
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